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Tuesday, April 29, 2014

So many value investors

It's fun to see so many value investors out there who tend to focus on a company's moat and its growth potential. I find it odd that the word 'moat' has become so prevalent now, it seems that many companies have a moat.

People forget that a moat has to be wide, with crocodiles and Arnold Schwarzenegger in it (and Justin Bieber).

Anyway, I write today to emphasize the need for a margin of safety if one wants to be called a value investor. A margin of safety dictates that in the face of a downturn, the business is capable of withstanding the slowdown/ shock and then, able to realise its potential value.

In good times, investors forget about the margin of safety and conveniently account for that in terms of the growth of the company; said company shall grow, and in face of growing cash flows, my investment becomes safer.

It's easy to see the global potential for air coolers vis-a-vis air conditioners, but air cooler manufacturers may not be able to hold on to pricing pressures.
Consumer good manufacturers will compete with each other in a growing pie of the African and Asian and Latam continents, but only the best will be victorious.

Sanjay Bakshi recently wrote about the beauty of quality companies and how some of them have managed to deliver returns to shareholders even if shares were purchased at seemingly high valuations in the past. But very simply, people are focusing on the winners and not the losers. One could pick a potential good quality company today, and buy it at a good price, only to see it becoming Dexter Shoes, facing regulatory issues, or management issues.

Good quality companies are difficult to determine, and even when one finds such a company, what price allows for a margin of safety? Does a Bajaj Auto at 16-19x and 40-50% payout qualify as a good company with an adequate margin of safety? I think so - it's one of those rare beautiful companies. But does that make it a good investment today?

A rising tide lifts all boats. It is time for caution and hold on to that life vest.
Am afraid of Canada, China and Japan.



Sunday, April 20, 2014

Mistakes

It's important to chronicle one's mistakes; it's humbling, humiliating and growth inducing.
People prefer talking about their winners, but it's the losers that one ought to worry about.
Luckily, position sizing helps with understanding the actual performance in a portfolio.

I bought Zylog Systems around the beginning of 2013. 
Of course, I have my original investment note citing a pure behavioural and Graham play.
There's a press release by the company saying nothing unusual is happening, and it is business as usual. This was when the share price was falling drastically, lower circuit after lower circuit.

" On the other hand the Promoters of the company have been buying and increasing their stake in the Company"
- Press Release.

I saw the balance sheet and said:
" Unless there is a fraud, I make money. " - this was at a share price of 73.

I did some background check on US visa applications, linkedin profiles, the canadian subsidiary (does it actually exist) and it did.


And then, there was some sort of a fraud; haven't been able to decipher what really happened. 
But, something wrong with receivables and the promoters used company money to buy shares in their own names.

So, there we go.
My hurry to invest and my disregard for potential fraudulent activity, caused me a few % points.

Lesson:
  • Take it slow.
  • Understand the downside
  • Make sure you believe in the management
  • Graham net-nets are quite a waste of time
  • Spend more time on finding quality companies
  • Understand the mistakes of others.
Mistakes of others:
  • Dexter Shoes
  • MTNL
  • Cort Furniture
  • Delta Financial
  • US Air
  • Berkshire Hathaway (original)
  • General RE
  • Renuka Sugar
  • Bajaj Hindustan
  • Suzlon
Lessons from Mistakes:
  • Understand debt and debt covenants/ restrictions
  • Understand industry changes
  • Regulations have a tendency to kill companies
  • Un-understandable liabilities are a pain to work with
  • Can this business be seriously challenged?



I wrote this post after much deliberation, and based on the 2007 Berkshire letter where Buffett writes about his mistakes in "The good, the bad and the gruesome".


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